Act III Scene 4; and its significance.

Everything happening in Act III scene 4 serves the purpose of making Iago’s plan better and more believable. In Act III scene 3, he vouched to tear her all to pieces however is stopped by Iago. Iago states that there was not enough proof that Desdemona was being unfaithful then proceeds to inquire about the strawberry-spotted handkerchief in which he claimed that he saw Cassio using. This enraged Othello and he proceeds to demand it from Desdemona. Being unable to produce the missing handkerchief as it was in Iago’s possession, Shakespeare depicts Desdemona’s doom as the lost of the handkerchief acts as a confirmation to all Othello’s suspicions which consequently lead to Act IV, scene 1 which is when Othello determines the way in which Desdemona is to die. In this scene, the plot against Desdemona unfolds. Shakespeare denotes the similarity between the character of Desdemona and Othello. Because they are both strong headed, they don’t give in to each other easily. Determined to get what they want off each other (Othello demands Desdemona to produce the handkerchief he gave her and Desdemona wants Othello to reinstate Cassio), their argument led to no clear conclusion; the more they pushed each other, the more adamant they both became, which further infuriates Othello. The fact that Desdemona could not produce the handkerchief that Othello has asked for confirms her infidelity. However, because she does not know of Othello’s suspicion, she decides that Othello is just trying to get her sidetracked from her mission.

The significance of the handkerchief is also explored in this scene. The handkerchief acts as a symbol of Desdemona’s fidelity. Shakespeare, through Iago had suggested that the handkerchief was not the only thing she was giving away; Othello in this scene highlights how special and magically significant the handkerchief is in itself by explaining the source of its alleged power, that how losing it or giving it away is tantamount to ending their love. This is important as it reminds the audience of the alleged claims that Brabantio made in the opening scenes of the play that Othello had used charms and witchcraft to win Desdemona’s love.

Shakespeare's Grand Handkerchief

In Act 3 Scene 4, Shakespeare attempts to explain the context of the play through the symbolic use of a spotted handkerchief designed with red strawberries. This first suggestion is seen through Othello’s from line 53 – 65, where he states that the handkerchief is symbolic of their love and it is the true magic that ‘subdues’ Othello. The fact that Desdemona has lost such an item, could be implying that the love and connection between the two, is also lost.
Shakespeare has also choosen very carefully to include strawberries on the designs of the handkerchief. In Greek times, strawberries where seen as a symbol for purity and love, due to its vibrant colors and refined taste, Shakespeare’s use of this idea portray Othello’s corrupted belief, of how the handkerchief represent not only Desdemona’s purity but also the love for her. Hence the lost of this simply item,did not imply a lost of an insignificant item but the lost of Desdemona’s innocence and love.
Another interpretation of Shakespeare’s handkerchief, is of Iago’s shallow crude ideas of love. His reference and imagery of love shown in Act 1 Scene 3 line 315 – 329. He refers to love as a scion or graft, a plant that can be grow from the stolen stems of another. This is exactly how strawberries are grown.
Shakespeare further plays with this idea when Emilia steals Desdemona’s handkerchief ,hence stealing her love, in order to satisfy her longing for love, planting that graft in Iago. This imagery of Emilia cutting a scion from Desdemona’s heart and giving it to Iago, elevates Emilia’s simple crime of stealing a mere handkerchief.
The last imagery that Shakespeare choose to use with the handkerchief is the reality of the handkerchief itself. The purpose of the item is to relieve simple irritations and annoyances. It is almost insignificant. Evenso, when such an item is not present to relieve small annoyances, these insignificant issues, grows.